四级速通教学经验文
30 分钟快速了解备考关键信息,高效速通四级,你准备好了吗?来不及解释了,快上车!
温馨提醒:备考过程配合 fastpass 使用效果更佳哦~
一、了解四级
1. 题型分值
四级试卷由写作、听力、阅读、翻译四个部分构成,其中写作、翻译均为 15%,听力、阅读均占 35%。满分 710 分,425 分及以上为通过。具体分值分布明细情况如下:
结构板块 | 内容 | 题型 | 题目数量 | 分值比例 | 考试时间 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
写作 | 写作 | 短文写作 | 1 | 15% | 30 分钟 |
听力理解 | 短篇新闻 | 单选题 | 7 | 7% | 25 分钟 |
长对话 | 单选题 | 8 | 8% | ||
短文理解 | 单选题 | 10 | 20% | ||
阅读理解 | 词汇理解 | 选词填空 | 10 | 5% | 40 分钟 |
长篇阅读 | 匹配题 | 10 | 10% | ||
仔细阅读 | 单选题 | 10 | 20% | ||
翻译 | 汉译英 | 段落翻译 | 1 | 15% | 30 分钟 |
总计 | 57 | 100% | 125 分钟 |
- 关于成绩:
需要了解的是,大学英语四、六级考试的分数并非真实卷面得分,而是各个部分的排名分。简单来说:即使你听力答错了几道题,但是排在了全国考生的第一名,那你就是满分。
- 关于题目:
四六级试卷采取多题多卷模式,一般情况下,听力全国一共 2 套,翻译作文和阅读都是 3 套。为了防止作弊,考场上同学们拿到的试卷,除听力外,其他题目都是排列组合的。此外,即使题目一样,选项顺序也可能不同。对答案的时候,请忽略第*套试卷和 ABCD 等选项序号,直接对选项内容即可。
- 关于答案:
四六级考试官方一般不提供答案。但是,听力答案基本不会有太大问题(因为有听力原文在)。而其他题目,特别是阅读理解,通常是由各培训机构自行给出的,所以同一道题目答案有多个版本是正常现象。所有答案均仅供参考。
2. 做题顺序
整体上,考试题多时间紧,需要你在限定时间内保证高正确率,因此能力与技巧缺一不可。高效的做题顺序往往可以加快做题的速度。
建议的做题顺序为:写作-> 听力-> 仔细阅读-> 长篇阅读-> 翻译-> 词汇理解,原因如下:
首先,写作和听力顺序是我们自己决定不了的,写作的最后五分钟是听力的试音时间,之后会无缝衔接开始播放听力。听力录音播放完毕后,监考教师会立刻回收答题卡一(即写作和听力)。因此同学们一定需要掌握好答题卡一的填涂时间。
其次,阅读和翻译部分我们可以灵活处理。其中,仔细阅读是我们九年义务教育从小做到大的最熟悉的单项选择,一题 2 分,最好上手。长篇阅读一般是若干段落和句子的匹配,一题 1 分。词汇理解就是选词填空,一般建议翻译做完再做它,因为不出意外的话,绝大部分单词我们都不认识,难度大并且分值低,一题 0.5 分,最后实在来不及可以大胆的放过(但是还是要尽可能填上答案,不要直接交空白卷,万一懵对了呢~)。
当然,普适的方法不会百分百适合所有人,如果你在练习过程中发现了更适合自己的方法也很棒哦!
二、写作篇
1. 注意事项
开考第一项,与听力一起交卷。
大多不需要写标题,除非题目特别要求,如: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of My View on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words and no more than 200 words.
格式上,每段顶格写,写完之后空一整行(书信除外,正常首行缩进)**;**单词之间有间隔,标点之后有间隔。
段落上,建议采取三段式写作:
- 首段:现象展开,引入中心
- 主体段:分析题目,详述 what/why/how
- 尾段:题目要求或自行补充逻辑
四级写作字数要求 120-180 字。
四级考试要求:考生能用英语描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等;能描述简单的图表和图画;能就熟悉的主题发表个人观点;**能写常见的应用文;**能根据提纲、图表或图画等提示信息作简短的讨论、解释和说明。(注意四级写作注重应用文考查)
2. 分类及模板
分类 | 重要指数 | 模板 | 翻译 |
---|---|---|---|
广告 (advertisement) | * | 标题:卖什么写什么 开头:出售商品是什么 中间:具体细节+原因+价格 结尾:联系方式 【以卖二手电脑为例】 题目:A nearly brand-new computer One man's trash is another man's treasure. Currently I'm selling a nearly brand-new computer. It's xiaomi's laptop. It functions really quickly. (细节1) and it sells best in 2019. Its functions are all perfect, because I maintain it every week. Now I really need money, so I sell it at a price of 100 yuan. It's really worth it! If you need it, you need to take action now to call me at 123456. Trust me, if you miss this, you will be regretful for a lifetime. | 一台近乎全新的电脑 一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富。目前我正在销售一台几乎是全新的电脑。这是小米的笔记本电脑,功能很快。**(细节1)**2019年销量最好. 它的功能都很完美,因为我每周都会维护它。现在我真的需要钱,所以我把它卖了售价100元,真的很值得! 如果你需要,你现在就需要采取行动,拨打123456给我打电话。相信我,如果你错过了这个,你会后悔终生。 |
感谢信 | ** | 表示感谢+说明事由+再次感谢 Dear_____, I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for_____. Had it not been for your assistance in_____ , I fear that _____ may not have_____. I’d like you to know that your help_____ .It not only_____,but also__. I shall always remember_____. I hope that I will have the opportunity of returning your hospitality by inviting you to_____ . Will you kindly let me know whether you______? I am looking forward to seeing you soon! Again,I would like to express my thanks to .Please accept my appreciation and pass my best wishes on to _____.I hope to hear from you soon. Sincerely yours, ______ | 亲爱的 _ _ _ _ _ _ 我写这封信是为了表达我对 _ _ _ _ 的真诚感谢。如果没有你的帮助,我恐怕 _ _ _ _ _ _ 可能不会有 _ _ _ _ _ _。我想让你知道你的帮助。它不仅 _ _ _ _ _,而且 _ _ _ 。我会永远记得。 我希望能有机会回报你的热情款待,邀请你到 _ _ _ _ 。你能好心地告诉我你是否 _ _ _ 吗?我期待着很快见到你! 再次感谢。请接受我的感谢,并把我最美好的祝愿转达给 _ _ _ _ 。我希望很快收到你的来信。 你真诚的 _ _ _ |
申请信 | ** | Your address Month, Date, year Receiver's address Dear_____, I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in . And I would like to write a letter to tell you that/ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising. I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand, _____ I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference. I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience. Best regards for your health and success. Sincerely yours, _____ | 你的地址 月份,日期,年份 收件人地址 亲爱的 _ _ _ , 我非常高兴收到你的来信。/看到贵公司在 _ _ _ _ _ _ 的招聘广告。我想写一封信告诉你,_ _ _ _ _/我有信心我适合你们所宣传的那种工作。 我认为我有能力满足你列出的要求。一方面, _ _ _。另一方面, _ _ 。随函附上我的简历,供您参考。 如果你能给我一个面试的宝贵机会,我将不胜感激。如果你方便的话,我将非常感谢你的答复/我期待着你方便的时候尽快答复。 祝你健康成功 你真诚的 _ _ _ _ |
邀请信 | ** | Dear________, at/in__________on.It would be a great pleasure to have you attend this event. I am sure that you will be interested in______.First,.Second,.Enclosed is the details of________.Your participation is very important because _______. The will begin at.We do hope that you can make it . If not, would it be possible for you to drop us a line before _______? Thank you very much. Best wishes, ____________ | 亲爱的_ _ , _ 将在 _ 时 _ 地举办。很高兴你能参加这次活动。 我相信你会对 _ _ _ 感兴趣。第一, _ _ _ _ _ 。第二, _ _ _ _。附上 _ _ 的详细资料。你的参与是非常重要的,因为 _ _ _ 。 我们希望你能成功。如果没有,你能不能在 _ _ _ _ _ 之前给我们写封信?非常感谢。 祝你好运 _ _ |
推荐信 | ** | 【以2020年9月真题为例】 假设你是Leah Kim,为你的学生李明给其应聘的公司写一封推荐信,信的内容可以包括以下几点: 1. 介绍学生的基本情况 2. 评价学生的表现和能力 3. 对他未来发展的评价 A Letter of Recommendation To whom it may concern, It is my pleasure to recommend my student Li Ming for working in your company. I have been acquainted with Li Ming for four years but came to know him well last year, as he was in the class that I taught, a thirteen-student junior English class. Students and teachers often remark that Li Ming is blessed with considerable talent. He is gifted for the English language and has acquired good listening and speaking skills for the language. And he won the first prize in our English writing contest last semester. As regards his personality, I find him honest, responsible, and cooperative. I bet you’ll like him too. I recommend him enthusiastically. I believe Li Ming will be a competent and responsible employee. And his hardworking and talent will enable him to go further in his career. If you need further information regarding Li Ming, do not hesitate to contact me. Best regards! Sincerely yours, Leah Kim | 推荐信 敬启者 我很高兴推荐我的学生李明在贵公司工作。我认识李明已经四年了,但是去年才认识他,因为他是我教的一个十三岁的初中英语班的学生。 学生和老师经常说李明天赋异禀。他在英语方面很有天赋,并且已经掌握了良好的英语听说能力。他在上学期我们的英语写作比赛中获得了一等奖。至于他的个性,我觉得他诚实、负责、合作。我打赌你也会喜欢他的。 我热情地推荐他。我相信李明会是一个称职、负责的员工。他的勤奋和才华将使他的事业更上一层楼。如果您需要关于李明的进一步信息,请与我联系。 最好的问候 你真诚的 Leah Kim |
建议信 | *** | 模板一: Dear : I have received your letter saying that. Your letter gives me much pleasure and _____. I recommend that ______. For one thing, _____. For another, ______. As to _____ , I think _____. Then ______. In order to _____, Isuggest ______. Besides, I ______. So I believe _______. Please sendme a letter telling me ____. I am looking forward to seeing you. Sincerely yours, _____ 模板二: Dear _____: I am delighted to learn that _____.It is several years since _____. _____is your best choice, I think. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand, _____. Speaking of ______ , the following is what I suggest ______. If ____.There is no need for you to _. In addition,. I am sure ______. Just write to me ____, I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Sincerely yours, _____ | 模板一: 亲爱的 _ _ _ _ _ _: 我已经收到你的来信说 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 。你的来信使我非常高兴。我建议。首先, _ _ _ 。另一方面, _ _ _ _ _。 至于 _ _ _ _,我认为 _ _ _ _ _ _。然后 _ _ _ _ _ _。为了 _ _ _ _,我建议 _ _ _ _ _。而且,我..。所以我相信 _ _ _ _ _ _ 。 请写信告诉我,我很期待见到你 你真诚的 _ _ _ _ 模板二: 亲爱的 _ _ _ _ : 我很高兴得知。自从 _ _ _ _ 以来已经有好几年了。是你最好的选择。一方面,。另一方面, _ _ _ _。 说到 _ _ _ _,下面是我的建议。如果 _ _ _ 。你没有必要这样做。另外。我确定。 请写信给我,我期待着很快见到你 你真诚的 _ _ _ _ |
报道 (news report) | ***** | 新闻文体:客观(第三人称)、事件的结果用过去时、时间的背景用过去进行时 第一段:结果,事情本身描述 第二段:三个细节 第三段:新闻的意义 【以2019年6月真题为例】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local fam organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 第一段:时间,地点,参与者,事件本身,事件结果 On December First, Mondav, the Student Union organized a meaningful activity to visit the local farm, in which 300 volunteers actively participated. It turns out to be a great success. 第二段:活动目的+三个具体事件+以时间顺序串联 This activity was aimed at cultivating the practical ability of students by visiting the farmland and helping the peasants with hard labours. In the early morning**(时间1)** just after the arrival of students, the students watered the crops in the field for farmers.(事件1) When asked about those volunteers’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying “what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to use my knowledge in praetice,"(万能补足语) After the lunch**(时间2), (事件2) the farmers held an experience sharing meeting, in which the students answered various useful questions. Some students showed how to use technology to improve the productivity. In the evening(时间3)**, (事件3) the students and the farmers enjoyed a feast together, which was prepared by the students. The peasants praised the cooking of students. 第三段:新闻的意义 This activity turns out to be a beneficial event for both sides. The Student Union expressed that there will be more meaningful events in the future.(或者More efforts will be made to help farmers in the rural areas.) | 12月1日,星期一,学生会组织了一次有意义的活动,参观了当地的农场,300名志愿者积极参与。事实证明,这是一个巨大的成功。 这次活动的目的是通过参观农田和帮助农民劳动来培养学生的实践能力。一大早,学生们刚到,学生们就在地里给农民们浇水。(事件1)当被问及这些志愿者对这种经历的感受时,他们都笑着回答说: “这是一次多么美妙的实践,我真的很感激这次经历,因为它让我学会了在实践中运用我的知识。”(万能补足语)午餐后,(事件2)农民们举行了一次经验分享会,学生们在会上回答了各种有用的问题。一些学生展示了如何利用技术来提高生产力。晚上,(事件3)学生和农民一起吃了一顿由学生准备的大餐。农民们赞扬学生们的烹饪技术。 这项活动对双方都是有益的。学生会表示将来会有更多有意义的活动。(或者加大对农村农民的扶持力度。) |
问题解决类 | ** | Nowadays, a mounting number of young adolescents are found mired in the problem about ( 主 题 ). It is an irrefutable truth that we should attach great importance to ( 主 题 ). From my vantage point, ( 主 题 ) bears tremendous significance. Confronted with the problem, we should implement a comprehensive array of effective measures to address this situation. The initial step is that (方案一). Another strategy worth mentioning is that (方案二). In a nutshell, it is my conviction that the aforementioned measures can serve as a lubricant for approaching the problem presented. As such, only when these measures are carried out thoroughly can we carve out a more enriched life. | 如今,越来越多的青少年深陷**(主题)问题的泥潭。无可辩驳,我们应该重视(主题)。 在我看来,(主题)意义重大。 面对这个问题,我们应该实施一系列全面有效的措施来解决这个情形。首先,(方案 一)。另一个值得一提的策略是,(方案二)**。 总之,我相信上述措施可以促进所提问题的解决。在这样的情况下,只有当这些措施得到彻底执行时,我们才能开创更加丰富的生活。 |
对比选择类 | ** | Much ink has been spilled on whether (主题句). Some deem (选择一) as a great boon, while others are inclined to reckon that ( 选 择 二 ) can deliver enormous benefits to their life. From my perspective, these two choices possess their own rewards. (选择一) is of considerable significance. There is no denying that (论点一). Another potential benefit is that (论点二). I feel, however, (选择二) also serves as a valuable alternative. To commence with, (论点三). Another justification is that (论点四). In a nutshell, both options are associated with their own perks. To determine the best course of action, we should take into full consideration our personal preferences and anticipated career trajectories. | (主题句)的问题引起人们的巨大关注。有人认为(选择一)有利好,也有人倾向于认为(选择二)能给人生带来巨大好处。在我看来,这两种选择各有各的好处。 (选择一)意义重大。不可否认,(论点一)。另一个潜在的好处是,(论点二)。 不过,我认为**(选择二)也是一种有价值的选择。首先,(论点三)。另一个理由是,(论点四)**。 总之,这两种选择都有各自的好处。要确定最佳行动方案,我们应充分考虑个人偏好和预期职业轨迹。 |
利弊分析类 | *** | 1.说明事物现状 2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面) 3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------(A的优点之二). But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法). (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).) | 现在很多人喜欢 A,因为它在我们的日常生活中有重要的作用。一般来说,它的优点可以看到如下。第一————(A 的优点之一)。此外————(A 的优点之二)。 但是每个硬币都有两面。负面影响也是显而易见的。一个重要的缺点是————(A 的第一个缺点)。更糟糕的是————(A 的第二个缺点)。 通过以上分析,我认为积极的方面大于消极的方面,因此,我想————(我的看法) (从 A 的这些积极影响和消极影响的比较来看,我们应该合理地接受它,并根据我们所处的环境来做。只有这样,————(对前景的预测) |
现象分析类——消极类 | **** | (原句)/Much ink has been spilled on (主题句). It is a sober reminder that individuals ought to channel attention to (主题). From my vantage point, (主题) has adverse consequences in the fabric of our daily existence. The potential peril of (主题) in an individual’s life cannot be overstated, as evidenced by the following reasons. The initial explanation is that (原因一). An additional justification is that (原因二). Accordingly, both factors at play have stood as a testament to the possible downsides of (主题). To recapitulate in short, as the stumbling stone of people’s lives, (主题) can have several detrimental ramifications**.** In this sense, only when we exert our utmost efforts to surmount (主题) can we carve out a more enriched and fulfilling life. | (原句)/(主题句)引起了人们巨大的关注。它清醒地提醒人们,应该关注(主题)上。在我看来,(主题)对我们的日常生活产生了不利影响。 (主题)对个人生活的潜在危害怎么强调都不为过,原因如下。第一个原因是,(原因一)。另一个理由是,(原因二)。因此,这两个因素都证明了**(主题)的可能弊端。 简而言之,(主题)作为人们生活的绊脚石,会产生多种不利影响。从这个意义上说,我们只有竭尽全力去克服(主题)**,才能创造出更加丰富和充实的人生。 |
现象分析类——积极类 | ***** | (原句)/Much ink has been spilled on (主题句). It is a sober reminder that individuals ought to channel attention to (主题). From my vantage point, (主题) plays a pivotal role in the fabric of our daily existence. The significance of (主题 ) in an individual’s life cannot be overstated, as evidenced by the following reasons. The initial explanation is that (原因一). An additional justification is that (原因二 ). Accordingly, both factors at play have stood as a testament to the merits of (主题). To recapitulate in short, as the cornerstone of people’s lives, ( 主 题 ) can deliver enormous and tangible benefits. In this sense, only when we exert our utmost efforts to enhance (主题) can we carve out a more enriched and fulfilling life. | (原句)/(主题句)引起了人们巨大的关注。它清醒地提醒人们,应该关注(主题)。在我看来,(主题)对我们的日常生活产生了重要影响。 (主题)对个人生活的意义怎么强调都不为过,原因如下。第一个原因是,(原因一)。另一个理由是,(原因二)。因此,这两个因素都证明了**(主题)的好处。 简而言之,(主题)作为人们生活的基石,会产生巨大的切实好处。从这个意义上说,我们只有竭尽全力去加强(主题)**,才能创造出更加丰富和充实的人生。 |
3. fastpass 对应练习
- fastpass 提供了近十年四六级真题,可对四六级作文真题进行练习打分、语料生成以及机考模拟。
- 练习打分:输入撰写内容后,可选择 AI 打分。fastpass 将给出总分和四个子项得分(内容切题度、表达清晰度、连贯性和结构、语言准确性),同时进行作文点评、写作纠错、文章改进,帮你一对一高效找问题寻方法。
- 语料生成:根据题目智能生成多样化高质量素材,为你的备考之路注入灵感。
- 机考模拟:提供机考模式演练,严格做题时间,减少考试因陌生感造成的紧张。
三、听力篇
1. 备考技巧
(1)视听一致原则
- 即⽿朵听到的信息与眼睛所看到的信息越⼀致,越容易成为正确答案 。
- 判断方式:某⼀个选项关键信息与⾳频内容完全相符,或某⼀选项关键信息在⾳频中出现次数最多时为正确选项(选项出现次数一样多时,就需要认真听问题了)。例如,下面选项中,标记的即为音频中出现的词,此时 D 选项与音频内容完全相符,因此选 D。
A) Chatting with her ancestors.
B) Doing needlework by the fire.
C) Furnishing her country house.
D) Polishing all the silver work.
- 做题时,同学们可以养成打勾或做标记的习惯,帮助我们更准确的选出正确选项。
(2)关键词的选取
需要注意的是,我们在根据视听一致原则做匹配时,不是对于所有词语,而是根据关键词进行匹配,不然时间可能会来不及。因此,如何选取有用的关键词也非常重要。
选取方式:
- 纵向审题:排除相同概念(也就是一样的词语)。例如下面的主语“It”: A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation. B) It helps her better remember what she learns. C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning. D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.
- 横向划词: 首先,划实不划虚,即划有实际表述意义的单词,而不划无意义的虚词(eg: the) ;其次,要尽量划组合概念(形容词 + 名词/名词 + 名词/动词 + 名词),例如下面标记的“her”后的组合就是这道题需要注意的关键词: A) It keeps her mind active. B) It makes her stay awake. C) It enables her to think hard. D) It helps her kill time.
另外,做题时我们不用强迫自己一定能即刻翻译出选项的意思,这并不是应试听力中非常必要的能力(虽然它很重要),遇到不认识的词也可以根据自然拼读选出。
关键词除了匹配答案,还能帮助我们定位题目,不至于跟丢。
结合视听一致原则和关键词的选取,我们就可以总结出下面的做题步骤了:
- 划选项关键词
- ⼀边听⾳频,⼀边眼睛来回扫视选项
- 听⻅⾳频与选项对应信息,迅速打勾 ✔
- 得出答案
(3)同转的概念
有了前两个原则,我们已经无惧基础题目了,但有时我们也会遇到音频中的关键词以同义词转换的形式出现的情况,这就是我们第三点要讲的,同转的概念。
同转分为四大类:
- 同根词:excited- excitement / sad- sadness / agree - agreement / construct - constructive
- 词词替换: big - large -massive / change - alter - shift - modify
- 短语/概念替换:pull down - knock down / the deserted shopping mall - the shopping mall had not been in use
- 宽泛到具体:food - tomatoes
同转是英语中常见的考查,同学们平时做题和备考期间可以多多积累,多多留意,养成良好英语学习习惯。
(4)正确及错误选项的特点
上面三种技巧涵盖了几乎所有的听力题目,为了稳操胜券,我们接下来再分析一下正确及错误选项的特点,更好的培养我们的题感。
正确选项:
- 选项与⾳频内容⼀致(视听⼀致或同转后⼀致)
- 选项符合问题描述 (*⾮听⾳时必要步骤,这也是为什么有些题可以不听题目选出正确选项了)
- 往往通过逻辑引导答案,往往伴随语气和人物的变化(因此注意熟悉下面引导答案的逻辑信号)
- 因果
- 原因:Because , since , as , for , from , thanks to , due to , owning to, as a result of
- 结果:so , therefore , hence , thus , as a result , thereby , make
- 转折
- 虽然:while ,though , although ,even , even though ,despite , in spite of
- 但是:but , yet , however , or
- 强调
- in fact , actually , indeed , especially , in particular , only , if you ,That is ,that’s to say ,Do / does / did + v ,The most … is … ,What … is …
- 举例
- For example
- 疑问
- Sit1: 问: ……? 答:Yes , …….
- 感情色彩
- 赞同:right , yes , of course , I agree , thanks
- 否定:no , I’m afraid , I’ll check
- 强调个⼈观点:oh!, i think , I suppose , in my opinion , I mean, if possible
- 迟疑犹豫:um , well , maybe , probably
- 因果
错误选项:
- 直接被否定
- 比如,某一选项被完全听出,符合视听一致原则,但音频表述时含有“not”,这是这个选项被直接否定,基本上就是错误选项。
- 反义表述
- 是“直接被否定”的间接版,如音频中为“big”,选项中为“small”
- 部分信息未提及
- “部分信息未提及”和下面的“选项杂糅”都是属于高级错误选项,在考试中占比较少,难度较高。
- 例如,选项中为“We all eat apples.”,音频中只听到了“eat apples”,这种有可能就是错误选项。
- 选项杂糅
- 例如,音频中某一句话分别是 B 选项的后半段和 C 选项的前半段,这是很有可能 BC 都不对,或者其中一个搭配有误。
- 直接被否定
2. 听力全题型解题步骤
划关键词并猜测发⾳
使⽤「视听⼀致」或「视听⼀致 + 同转」的⽅法听⾳做题
较难题⽬可以利⽤错误选项特点,反向选出答案
注意换题信号(关键词、对话题中说话人物的转变等)以及语⽓的暗⽰作⽤(逻辑信号)
- 短篇新闻还要注意 says / said /concern/think 附近的信息
最后注意,听力考试不是强调培养全篇理解听懂的能力,而是听重点的能力(尤其是在长篇听力中)!!!
3. fastpass 对应练习
可访问 https://app.fastpassai.com/cet_listening/task_list 进行听力练习。
四、阅读篇
1. 阅读全题型核心概念
(1)同转的概念
- 在上述听力篇有提到,同转即为两个不同的词(或短语)表达相同的含义。这部分请详细阅读听力篇。
(2)关键词的选取
为什么要强调关键词的选取?
- 在阅读考试中,我们需要在 40 分钟内完成 30 道题,平均每道题不到一分半。在如此有限的时间内,快速定位题⽬在⽂章的位置就显得非常重要。带着问题关键词阅读往往比上来直接逐字读文章、再读题、再读文章要高效很多。
关键词的选取原则
- 有专(专有名词)有先挑专有信息定位。
- 专有信息的特点是非常稳定。
- 如:时间、地点、数字、⼈物、⼤写、标点符号。
- 没有专有挑名词(不可以是⽂章背景信息)。
- 文章背景信息主要指整篇文章都在讨论的内容(一般是标题词或反复出现的词),这无法帮助我们定位。
- 可以优先考虑句子两端的词。
- 实在没有名词再考虑形容词和动词的组合。
- 只有形容词或动词会非常不稳定,组合才会更加稳定。
- 有专(专有名词)有先挑专有信息定位。
下面是一篇长篇阅读的题目,标记的为关键词,来看看你理解的对不对吧:
- 原题: **The best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks **
- Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey.
- Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models.
- Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks has been dropping.
- Internet-driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated.
- Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's share of the retail business.
- Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.
- Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when the dot. com bubble burst.
- Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.
- With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are like to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages.
- The wide use of smartphone has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business.
- 关键词: **The best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks **
- Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey.
- Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models.
- Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks has been dropping.
- Internet-driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated.
- Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's share of the retail business.
- Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.
- Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when the dot. com bubble burst.
- Despite the tremendous challenges(负面的) from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.
- With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are like to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages.
- The wide use of smartphone has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business.
2. 词汇理解
这里考查的是我们的词汇量和语法(重点是对"词性"、"句子结构"、"词语与句子的搭配关系"的理解)。
选词填空方法:
- 阅读空格当句的内容
- 选择词性正确、搭配得当的词语
同学们对这种题最直观的感受就是,选项词如果认识就能做,如果不认识只能靠蒙,没有特别多技巧。因此,如果时间充裕的同学,一定要重视词汇量的积累!!!
3. 长篇阅读
长篇阅读的题型均为匹配题,这里核心考查的是我们扫读、跳读、略读的学术阅读能力。
匹配题方法:
- 浏览题⼲选取定位词
- 定位词即关键词,熟练关键词选取的三大原则
- 易定位题⽬和能够暗⽰段落的题⽬优先做
- 易定位题⽬主要通过专有信息定位
- 能够暗⽰段落的题⽬,比如: (a)recent / today / future :先往文章后置段落找 (b)early / ancestor:先往文章前置段落找 (c)cost:优先找货币符号、数字 (d)stage:优先找序号 (e)different :优先考虑信息罗列 (f)air pollution :优先找具体空气污染物(carbon dioxide 、Nitrogen 氮 、Sulfur 硫)
- 剩下题⽬优先查找未出题段落
- 考官一般会保持设题均衡的原则
- 若该段包含题⽬中两个及以上原词或同转,则该段为答案
- 注意:
- 若两个题⽬定位在同⼀段落,可以额外划另外⼀个定位词验证
- 注意段落可能被复选(题目会提到)
- 浏览题⼲选取定位词
我们查找定位词的过程就是扫读的过程,扫读时请注意视觉重点位置为段落和句子的开头结尾、试题页面的左右两侧。
除了上述方法,我们还需要了解一下文章的大致结构,我们遇到的一般为问题解决类文章:
- 问题(客观困难)的描述,问题解决 1 + 问题解决 2 + 问题解决 3 + 问题解决 4 + 要求 | 建议 | 期待 | 未来 | 更好
4. 仔细阅读
仔细阅读是我们熟悉的阅读考查方式,其重点是考查我们对于细节的理解和把握,对应的是精读能力。
需要注意的是,仔细阅读并不是让我们上来就对四个选项进行逐一定位和排除,而是通过题干定位到原文中题目出现的具体位置,再通过对于定位处细节信息的理解,反向直接选择正确的选项内容。
仔细阅读方法:
- 理解题⼲⼤意并选取定位词(注意定位词不可以是⽂章背景,且有可能同转)
- 注意题⼲设问给我们的暗⽰
- 特殊疑问词,what 、who 、whose 、which 、when 、where 、how 、why 等
- 优先理解定位句当句内容,通过理解然后直接进⾏选项匹配
- 以防看了误导信息先入为主,看哪个都像正确答案
- 对于不好定位的题⽬可以使⽤“夹 B 原则”
- 因为仔细阅读的单选题为顺序出题,当某题不方便定位时,可以通过上下题目的定位“夹”出位置
- ⽆定位词的段落,从段落最后⼀句向上推,寻找第⼀次存在逻辑表达的句⼦;再理解句⼦内容,进⾏选项匹配
- 逻辑表达关键词: 【因果】because, since, due to, thanks to, owning to, as so, therefore, as a result, hence, thus, inconsequence 【转折】though, although, in spite of, despite, while, even,yet, nonetheless, nevertheless, ironically, but, however 【条件】if / whether, while / once / when, with / without ,after, unless 【强调】furthermore, what’s more, moreover
- 注意:
- 不推荐先浏览选项,容易先⼊为主
- 不要从选项中划关键词回⽂章中定位
- 应当先知道⽂章对应的答案表述句,再进⾏选项匹配
5. fastpass 对应练习
可访问 https://app.fastpassai.com/cet_reading/task_list 进行阅读练习。
五、翻译篇
1. 翻译基本原则
单词语法不要错
- 宁可写简单的词汇也不要写错。
- 写不准的复合句用简单句。
不会翻译的词语用其他会的词语解释,或者换成范围更大的上位词
- 用其他会的词语:京杭大运河——>a river from Beijing to Hangzhou
- 范围更大的上位词:火龙果——>fruit
主谓宾一定要翻译
- 主谓宾哪怕不会写,也要努力写个相近意思的,一定不能空着。
- 定状补等主谓宾之外的成分,实在不会写可以不写(当作没看见)。
2. 备考技巧
(1)句子的拆分与重组
- 核心原则:拆主干,补修饰
- 示例: 青藏铁路是世界最高最长的高原铁路。(“的”字前面所有去掉,就是句子主干:铁路是铁路) The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the highest and longest plateau railway in the wold. 青藏铁路大大缩短了中国内地与西藏之间的旅行时间。(句子主干:铁路缩短了时间) The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has greatly shortened the travel time between mainland China and Tibet. 这座跨度巨大的钢筋混凝土大桥充分证明中国有能力建造创世界纪录的巨型建筑。(句子主干:大桥证明中国有能力) The reinforced concrete bridge with a huge span proves that China has the ability to complete record-breaking and mega-construction projects.
(2)逗号的处理方式
核心原则:分清主干与修饰
- 汉语中,一句话中的逗号可以并列多个动词,这在中文里称为“流水句”。
- 而英文中,一句话里,只能存在一个真正的谓语动词,剩下的动词要么在从句里,要么以非谓语的形式出现。
示例: 北京大兴国际机场位于天安门广场以南 46 公里处,在 2019 年 9 月 30 日投入使用 Beijing Daxing International Airport, which is located 46 .kilometers south of the Tianan men Square, was put into operation on 30, September, 2019.
(3)修饰语的处理方式
核心原则一:如何处理“的”字。共有六种情况:
- 名词修饰名词/形容词修饰名词
- 名词修饰名词:表示被修饰物的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别,如 paper money, meeting room。
- 形容词修饰名词:最常见,如 famous flowers,The Qinghai-Tibet Railway。
- A of B
- A of B = B 的 A
- 例如:牡丹的栽培中心—a center of peony cultivation/九朝古都的历史—the history of this ancient capital of nine dynasties.
- 名词所有格
- 名词所有格 = n.’s
- *何时用’s 形式:
- 有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的事物—the world’s , people’s life
- 表示时间、距离、金额、国家或城市的所属—the city’s scenic spots , two hours’drive
- 介词修饰名词
- 介词修饰名词=n+ 任意介词
- 有些英文中的介词含有动作的意味:
- 反对不健康饮食习惯的观点 - views against unhealthy eating habits
- 跨度巨大的钢筋混凝土大桥 - The reinforced concrete bridge with a huge span
- 定语从句修饰
- 当“的”字前面有动作时
- 有经验的教师能够设计出适合不同学习基础学生的课程。Experienced teachers can design courses that are tailored for students at different levels.
- 当表示在某个时间段发生了某事
- 南京市已经将梅花定为市花,每年举办梅花节,成千上万的人冒着严寒到梅花山踏雪赏梅。 The city of Nanjing has designated plum blossom as the city flower and holds the flower festival every year , when tens of thousands of people braved the bitter cold to walk in the snow and appreciate the flower.
- 当表示在某个地点发生了某事
- 荷花历来是诗人画家创作的重要题材。荷花盛开的地方也是许多摄影爱好者经常光顾之地。 Lotus has long been an important theme for the creation of poetas and painters and the place where lotus blossoms becomes the resort of many photography enthusiasts.
- 介词 +which 引导的定语从句
- 这部小说采用了大量中国民间故事和神话的素材,创造了各种栩栩如生的人物和动物形象,其中最著名的就是孙悟空。 The book adopts a multitude/number of materials of Chinese folk tales and myths , creating various vivid characters and animals , among which(上文的其中)the most famous is Monkey King.
- which 句中暗含因果逻辑
- 针对这一问题,中国政府正开始发起低碳行动,这将推动其未来的增长,发展和能源安全目标。 In order to tackle the problem , Chinese government starts a low-carbaon action which will foster its future growth , development and energy security objectives.
- 当“的”字前面有动作时
- 分词修饰
- n.+Ving/Ved
- children living in the city ;water used for agriculture
- 名词修饰名词/形容词修饰名词
核心原则二:状语的添加。共有六种情况:
- 时间状语
- 在...时候 at 10 o’clock=at+ 用于某天的某个具体时间 on Monday=on+ 具体某天 In 2021=in+ 某个时间段
- 当...时候 when/whenever... 、afer/before...、as soon as...、as...、by the time、not...until...、since
- 地点状语
- 在...哪里 at the supermarket in China on the train
- 在...一个什么地方 where/wherever...
- 原因/结果/目的状语
- 引导词 + 名词词组 due to owing to thanks to because of for
- 引导词 + 完整句子 because since as now that given that considering that so that... so...that in order to
- 条件状语
- 引导词 + 完整句子 unless if as long as once
- 让步状语
- 引导词 + 完整句子 although while even though despite of regardless of but however
- 伴随状语:伴随着主句动作发生的状态
- 分词结构
- They stand there quietly, watching a game.
- The bell rings, announcing the end of the class.
- with 的独立主格结构
- with + n + Ving :We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.
- with + n + Ved :With all things prepared, she won the competition.
- with 的复合结构
- with + n + adj/adv :He often sleeps with the window open. / with the light on.
- with + n + 介词 :The teacher went into the classroom, with a book in his hand.
- with + n + to do :With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.
- 分词结构
- 时间状语
(4)非谓语动词
核心原则:记好词组搭配(重在积累)
动名词:
- 动词位于句子的开头 —— Eating too much is bad for your health.
- 做动词后面的宾语 —— I like playing basketball very much.
- 介词后跟动词ing —— Stamps are used for sending letters.
- be 动词后跟动词ing —— His hobby is collecting stamps.
不定式:
- 主语动词用不定式 —— To speak English is not easy for us. = It is not easy for us to speak English.
- be 动词后跟动词不定式 —— My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work.
- 谓语动词后接动词不定式 —— He likes to play basketball.
- 宾语补足语的位置接动词不定式 —— My mother made me play the piano all the time. (在 make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役、感官动词后,常省略 to)
- 状语的位置用不定式(一般都是目的状语) —— I went to the library to study English.不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
(5)增译省译
增译核心原则:添补成分。共五种情况:
- 增加代词或主语:没有调查就没有发言权——He who makes no investigation has no right to speak.(※一般主语不明的情况下,会优先选择使用被动语态,而不会增添主语。)
- 增加动词后的宾语代词和代词:我收到了你的来信,并且愉快的读了起来。——I have received your letter and read it happily.
- 增加冠词:中国煤炭消耗量约占全球的五分之二,并以每年约 10% 的速度增长。——China consumes about two-fifths of the world's coal and it increases at a rate of about 10 percent a year.
- 增加逻辑连接词:中欧经济县有很强的互补性,在贸易、投资、科技等领域具有很大的合作潜力。——The two economies are strongly complementary to each other andhence enjoy huge potential for cooperation in trade, investment,science and technology areas.
- 增加介词:《水浒传》是中国文学四大经典小说之一。这部小说基于历史人物宋江及其伙伴反抗封建帝王的故事。——Water Margin, one of the four classic novels in Chinese literature, isbased on the story of the historical figure Song Jiang and his partners'rebelling against the feudal emperors.
省译核心原则:删除成分。共两种情况:
- 省略重复性内容:我们要忠于党,忠于人民,忠于国家。——We should be loyal to our party, to our people and to our country.
- 省略范畴词(指用来表示行为、现象、属性等概念所属范畴的词。 如现象,局面,方面,情况,背景等。):总之,就全国范围来说,我们一定能够逐步顺利解决沿海同内地贫 富差距的问题。——In short, taking the country as a whole, I am confident that we can gradually bridge the wealth gap between coastal and inland areas.
(6)主被动语态
- 核心原则:be done
- 强调动作的承受者 :机场的设计可确保每小时 300 架次起降。The airport is designed to guarantee 300 takeoffs and landings per hour.
- 句子中主语不明 :千百年来,创作了许多诗歌和绘画费美牡丹。For thousands of years, many poems and paintings have been created to praise the peony.
- 据说,据传,众所周知:It is said that.../It is reported that.../It is well known that...
(7)代词的处理
- 核心原则:牢记三大句型
- it 作形式主语
- it is+ 形容词 +that It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting. 他将出席会议是无疑的。 It is important that we (should) study hard.我们努力学习是很重要的。
- it is + 名词 + that(a pity, an honor, a good thing, a fact, a surprise, a question, a shame) It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week. 你错过了上周的运动会太可惜了。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 事实上英语已经被作为一 种国际语言而被接受了。
- it seems that It seems that they know what they are doing.
- it 作形式宾语(think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard...it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式) I find it pleasant to work with him. They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time. She thinks it her duty to help us. I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.
- 强调句型 (It +be + 被强调成分 + that / who + 其他成分) It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday. It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.
- it 作形式主语
(8)时态的处理
- 核心原则:灵活调整
- 最常见的便是一般现在时与现在完成时 毫不夸张地说,几乎每个中国人都熟悉小说中的一些主要人物。 It is no exaggeration to say that almost every Chinese is familiar with some main characters in the novel. 事实上,这部小说的影响己经远远超出了国界。 In fact, its influence has already gone far beyond national boundaries. 自面世以来,这部小说不断吸引着一代又一代的读者。 荷花历来是诗人画家创作的重要题材。
- 最容易忽视的是一般过去时 梅花位居中国十大名花之首,源于中国南方。
3. fastpass 对应练习
- fastpass 提供了近十年四六级真题,可对四六级翻译真题进行练习打分、语料生成以及机考模拟。
- 练习打分:输入撰写内容后,可选择 AI 打分。fastpass 将给出总分和四个子项得分(译文准确性、译文流畅性、结构清晰度、用词贴切度),同时进行难词译注、翻译解析、翻译批改,即刻成为你的私人翻译教练。
- 语料生成:根据题目智能生成多样化高质量素材,为你的备考之路注入灵感。
- 机考模拟:提供机考模式演练,严格做题时间,减少考试因陌生感造成的紧张。
4. 《中国文化概况》
有余力的同学可以翻翻《中华文化概况》,练练精读。历年翻译中很多题目这本书都有押到哦~
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/17OHW4qnQ9P1yq_SIeyhUNA?pwd=mrwp
提取码:mrwp
——
以上就是四级速通的全部经验分享,你学会了吗?快快配合 fastpass 一起练起来吧~
祝你取得理想的成绩!(记得来还愿哦)
参考资料
1.【四六级考前一周保命指南!别抱佛脚都赶不上热乎的!】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ec41117Nf/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e
2.【【合集】【四级听力】全网最简单粗暴能提分的四级教程!】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1at4y1i7cy/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e
3.【【完整合集】【六级阅读】全网最简单粗暴能提分的六级教程!】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ly4y1x7y6/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e
4.【【四六级翻译合集】四小时带你搞定翻译!全网最简单粗暴能提分的四六级教程!】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV11T4y197gV/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e
5.【【四六级写作合集】三小时带你搞定写作!全网最简单粗暴能提分的四六级教程!】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1LU4y1T7JR/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e
6.刘晓艳老师四六级翻译写作技巧分享
7.公众号 @Zachary 的英语视界
8.https://cet.neea.edu.cn/html1/folder/19081/5124-1.htm
9.【24 上四级作文模板(新版替换)大合集】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Cr421j7i8/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=3dfab50db81f70673ad52576c5c1658e