阅读打卡营第一天
第一打卡点：速记第一组核心词，15个，大约 3-5 分钟完成
四级核心词
六级核心词
第二打卡点：阅读教案+观看方法讲解视频，大约 15-20 分钟完成
阅读试卷概览
一、阅读理解的题型与分值
四级阅读
- 阅读范围：熟悉题材的英语报刊、工作和生活中常见的应用文。
- 阅读速度：仔细阅读 70词/分钟，快速阅读 100词/分钟。
- 考核能力：运用基本阅读策略理解文章。
六级阅读
- 阅读范围：一般性英语报刊文章和熟悉题材的学术文章。
- 阅读速度：仔细阅读 90词/分钟，快速阅读 120词/分钟。
- 考核能力：更高水平的阅读策略运用能力。
二、阅读理解的题型分析
词汇理解【Section A】
词汇理解：采用选词填空题型，考核学生对篇章语境中词汇的理解和运用能力。篇章中删去了 10个词汇，并在篇章后提供 15 个词汇选项。
词汇理解的题型考查的是我们的词汇量和语法（重点是对"词性"、"句子结构"、"词语与句子的搭配关系"的理解）。
长篇阅读理解【Section B】
长篇阅读理解：采用段落匹配题型，考核学生运用略读和査读的技能从篇章中获取信息的能力。略读要求学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想；查读要求学生快速查找篇章中的特定信息。
篇章后附有 10个句子，每句1题。每句所含的信息出自篇章中的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题,有的段落可能不对应任何一题。
仔细阅读理解【Section C】
仔细阅读理解：采用单选题题型，考核学生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力，包括理解主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析，推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等。
每个篇章后有5个问题,要求考生根据对篇章的理解从每题的四个选项中选择最佳答案。仔细阅读是我们熟悉的阅读考查方式，其重点是考查我们对于细节的理解和把握，对应的是精读能力。
仔细阅读是我们九年义务教育从小做到大的最熟悉的单项选择，一题2分，最好上手。长篇阅读一般是若干段落和句子的匹配，一题1分。词汇理解就是选词填空，一般建议翻译做完再做它，因为不出意外的话，绝大部分单词我们都不认识，难度大并且分值低，一题0.5分，最后实在来不及就尽可能填上答案，不要直接交空白卷。
综上所述，阅读理解的做题顺序建议：仔细阅读→长篇阅读→词汇理解。
三、阅读理解的方法讲解
四、阅读理解的样卷展示
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are reguired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
The U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students haveequal access to a quality education. Today it is 26 the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educatorsfor the students who need them most.
“All children are 27 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code orfamily income.It is 28 important that we provide teachers and principals the supportthey need to help students reach their full 29,” U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said. “Despite the excellent work and deep 30 of our nation's teachers andprincipals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across ourcountry.We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will 31 their own creativesolutions, but we must work together to 32 our focus on how to better recruit, suppor 33 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who needandthem most.
Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a 34 of President Obama's year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 35 of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.
| A) announcing | I) distributing |
|---|---|
| B) beneficial | H) enhance |
| C) challenges | K) entitled |
| D) commitment | L) potential |
| E) component | M) properly |
| F) contests | N) qualified |
| G) critically | O) retain |
| H) develop |
Section B
Directions: In this section , you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Changes Facing Fast Food
A) Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch. Health experts regularly criticisethem severely for selling food that makes people fat. Critics even complain thatMcDonald's, whose logo symbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed tosponsor the World Cup. These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy
B) Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cutspending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even moreattractive. Such “trading down” proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast.food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casualrestaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts andpromotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
C) As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their moreexpensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets,such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased. Same-store salesin America at McDonald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not declinethroughout the downturn. Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.
D) But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. David Palmer, an analyst atUBS, a bank, savs smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl'sIr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with theglobal giant McDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% lastyear as others cut back.
E)Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customersbetter value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they hadtempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensiveitems. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion,claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $ 1.10to make. In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King. Nevertheless, the company maystill be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones becauseitems on its “value menu" now account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% lastOctober
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn ismaking companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced itemsto entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials. KFC, a division of Yum! Brands.which also owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5. And in May Burger King introduced barbecue pork ribs at $7 for eight.
G) Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its "McCafè" line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
H) As fast-food companies shift from “super size” to “more buys”, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, andnot just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, aresearch firm, because the margins can be high. Fast-food companies are also addingmidday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps. The idea is that byhaving a greater range of things on the menu, "we can sell to consumers products they want all day,” says Rick Carucci, the chief financial officer of Yum! Brands.
I) But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoidedgovernment regulation. By providing healthy options, like salads and low-caloriesandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping tofight obesity. These offerings are not necessarily loss leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger. But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.
J) In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough. “Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now,says Mr. Palmer of UBS. America's health reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie content of items theyserve on the menu. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearby a sign, it is said, that menulabelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.
K) In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies willhave to continue innovating. Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in itsmenu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago.“We probably sellmore vegetables, more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business inthe world,” he says. But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals”, because legislators believe itattracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
36. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its foodspecials for children.
37. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
38. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
39. Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
40. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
41. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
42. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
43. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
44. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
45. A newly-passed law requires big fast-food chains specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements . For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防霜) keeps you safe from harmful rays, youmay be wrong. Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces thenumber of melanomas (黑瘤) and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers. You have a higher risk if you have red orblond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has hadone. Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun. Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomasthe evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer. A 2011 Australiarstudy of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had halfthe rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreenroutinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, didgive some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection - not sunscreenseemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly-applying insufficient amounts, failingto reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long. It is sunburn that is most worrying-recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanomarates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heatwave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上) sunscreenand slap on a hat.
46. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
A) It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B) It will protect them from sunburn.
C) It will keep their skin smooth and fair
D) It will protect people of any skin color.
47. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
A) It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B) It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C) It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D) It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
48. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
A) Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B) High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C) Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D) Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
49. What does the author say about the second Australian study?
A) It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
B) It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
C) It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
D) It confirms the results of the first Australian study.
50. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
A) Using both covering up and sunscreen.
B) Staying in the shade whenever possible.
C) Using covering up instead of sunscreen.
D) Applying the right amount of sunscreen
Passage Two
Ouestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in theworkforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is partof a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapidtechnological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those ofthe unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will livelonger than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century,when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than moreyears at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economicgrowth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses anew trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates arefalling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.
Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies thatused to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy, combined with thereplacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined.contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortableretirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply forthe highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age becausethese days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation.Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers,from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
51. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?
A) Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B) Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C) Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D) People with no college degree do not easily find work.
52. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?
A) Longer life expectancies. C)Profound changes in the workforce.
B) A rapid technological advance. D) A growing number of the well-educated.
53. What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?
A) Economic growth will slow down.
B) Government budgets will increase.
C) More people will try to pursue higher education.
D) There will be more competition in the job market.
54. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?
A) Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B) More people have to receive in-service training.
C) Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D) People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
55. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?
A) Computers will do more complicated work.
B) More will be taken by the educated young.
C) Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.
D)Skills are highly valued regardless of age.
FastPass 功能介绍
真题模考： 近年真题的单项模考，全真倒计时模拟，成绩进步直观可见。
专项练习： 针对性训练阅读理解，有效提高薄弱科目。