写作短语和固定搭配
一、图表类写作
| 短语/句式 | 例句（含翻译） |
|---|---|
| …add up to… 增加了 | The total cost added up to 1500 dollars. 总费用增加到了1500美元。 |
| to jump to / to soar to… 一跃达到/猛增到 | The temperature soared to 40 degrees Celsius yesterday. 昨天气温猛增至40摄氏度。 |
| …an increase of about…percent as compared with… 与…相比大约增加了… | The exports saw an increase of about 20% as compared with the previous year. 与去年相比，出口大约增加了20%。 |
| …to experience an increase/incline 有了增长 | The interest in renewable energy is experiencing an upward trend. 可再生能源的关注度正在上升。 |
| …to sink/drop/reduce to… 减少到… | The number of available jobs dropped to a record low last month. 上个月可用的工作数量减少到历史最低水平。 |
| …to experience a decrease/decline … 有了减少 | The sales figures are experiencing a decline this quarter. 本季度销售数字出现了下降。 |
| …to go up and down … 起伏不定 | The stock prices went up and down throughout the week. 股票价格在这一周中起伏不定。 |
| There be ups and downs… 有起有伏 | There were significant ups and downs in the housing market last year. 去年房地产市场有着显著的起伏。 |
| …to remain steady/level/unchanged… 保持稳定，几乎不变 | The unemployment rate remained steady during the last five years. 过去五年失业率保持稳定。 |
| …to level off (vi.) …趋于平稳 | After months of fluctuations, the inflation rate is leveling off. 经过数月波动后，通胀率趋于平稳。 |
| …be in direct/inverse ratio to/with… 与…成正比/反比 | The amount of time spent studying is in direct ratio to the exam scores. 学习时间与考试成绩成正比。 |
| …to form/comprise/make up/constitute…percent 占百分之… | Women comprise 55% of the total workforce. 女性占总劳动力的55%。 |
| …to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of… 占…的1/2,1/3,1/4 | Females form less than a third of the management team. 女性占管理团队不到三分之一。 |
| …account for…percent 占百分之几 | Renewable energy sources account for 30% of the country's total energy production. 可再生能源占该国总能源生产的30%。 |
| A be …times as much/many as B A是B的几倍 | The population of City A is three times as large as that of City B. A市的人口是B市的三倍。 |
| A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的两倍，一半，三倍 | The sales of electric cars doubled compared to last year. 电动车销量比去年翻了一倍。 |
二、议论文写作
| 短语/句式 | 例句（含翻译） |
|---|---|
| (结果)…owing to (原因) 因为… | The delay in the project was owing to unforeseen technical issues. 项目延误是由于不可预见的技术问题。 |
| (结果)…attributable to (原因) 归因于… | The success of the campaign is attributable to effective planning. 活动的成功归因于有效的规划。 |
| (结果) lie in the fact that (原因) 原因在于… | The company's rapid growth lies in the fact that they embraced digital transformation. 公司快速增长的原因在于他们拥抱了数字化转型。 |
| (结果) result from (原因) 由于… | The economic downturn resulted from the global pandemic. 经济衰退是由于全球大流行。 |
| It is precisely because (原因)…that (结果) 正是因为…才… | It is precisely because of his dedication that the project succeeded. 正是因为他的奉献，项目才成功。 |
| (原因)…which in turn (结果) …反过来导致… | The policy changes created confusion, which in turn slowed down production. 政策变化引发了混乱，进而减缓了生产速度。 |
| My suggestion to deal with…is… 我建议解决问题的方法是… | My suggestion to deal with the issue is to improve communication channels. 我建议解决这一问题的方法是改善沟通渠道。 |
| If we let the situation go as it is… 如果让这种情况继续下去… | If we let the situation go as it is, we will face more serious consequences. 如果让这种情况继续下去，我们将面临更严重的后果。 |
| More and more people are realizing the importance of… 越来越多人意识到…的重要性 | More and more people are realizing the importance of mental health. 越来越多人意识到心理健康的重要性。 |
| Great efforts must be taken to… 必须采取重大努力去… | Great efforts must be taken to address climate change. 必须采取重大努力应对气候变化。 |
| It is important for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人很重要 | It is important for students to develop critical thinking skills. 对学生来说，培养批判性思维能力非常重要。 |
| enhance the awareness of people that… 提高人们的意识… | We need to enhance the awareness of people that recycling is essential. 我们需要提高人们对回收的重要性意识。 |
| The first nut for us to crack is… 我们首先要解决的是… | The first nut for us to crack is the lack of funding for the project. 我们首先要解决的是项目资金不足的问题。 |
| sth. be measured in terms of … 以……来衡量 | Success is often measured in terms of wealth. 成功通常以财富来衡量。 |
| …(现象)…, upon which views vary from person to person. ……众说纷纭 | Climate change is a global issue, upon which views vary from person to person. 气候变化是一个全球性问题，众说纷纭。 |
| A be more essential to B. 对B来说, A是尤为重要的 | Education is more essential to children than to adults. 教育对儿童尤为重要。 |
| from the …point of view 从…角度来看 | From the economic point of view, this policy is not sustainable. 从经济角度来看，这项政策不可持续。 |
| …must be rooted out in order to… 为了……必须根除…… | Corruption must be rooted out in order to ensure justice. 为了确保公正，必须根除腐败。 |
| …represent only the tip of the iceberg. 只是冰山一角 | These issues represent only the tip of the iceberg. 这些问题只是冰山一角。 |
| It is generally believed/accepted/held that… 人们普遍认为…… | It is generally believed that regular exercise improves health. 人们普遍认为，定期锻炼能提高健康水平。 |
| It is no denying the fact that…. 无可否认…… | It is no denying the fact that climate change is a serious threat. 无可否认，气候变化是一个严重的威胁。 |
| ……… , so…that… 以至于 | The sky was so clear that we could see the stars. 天空如此晴朗，以至于我们能看到星星。 |
三、通用句式
| 短语/句式 | 例句（含翻译） |
|---|---|
| (Just) as …, so… 正如… | Just as exercise is important for the body, so reading is important for the mind. 正如锻炼对身体重要，读书对心灵也同样重要。 |
| in much the same way/manner that… 正如…, 和…一样 | People in Japan celebrate New Year's Day in much the same way that Americans celebrate Christmas. 日本人庆祝新年和美国人庆祝圣诞节的方式差不多。 |
| now that …… 既然…… | Now that the project is approved, we should begin the work immediately. 既然项目已经获批，我们应该立即开始工作。 |
| unless…not… 除非…否则不… | Unless you address the root causes of the problem, you will not find a lasting solution. 除非你解决问题的根本原因，否则你不会找到持久的解决方案。 |
| only 仅有 [强调句, 倒装句] | Only by working together can we hope to achieve our goals. 只有通过合作，我们才有希望实现目标。 |
| It is …that… 是……[强调句型] | It is the dedication of the team that led to our success. 是团队的奉献精神使我们成功。 |
| nothing but 只不过；只有… | If we focus on nothing but profits, we will lose sight of our core values. 如果我们只关注利润，我们将忽略我们的核心价值观。 |
| Supposing……, it is likely that…. 假设…, 那么很可能… | Supposing you missed the train, it is likely that you would have to wait for the next one for hours. 假设你错过了火车，你很可能得等几个小时。 |
| What else can …? ……还能做什么呢? | What else can the team do but continue to improve their skills? 这个团队除了继续提高技能外还能做什么呢？ |
| How could ……? 怎能…. | How could anyone deny the importance of education? 谁能否认教育的重要性呢？ |
| A is to B what X is to Y. A对于B 就像X对于Y | Music is to the soul what food is to the body. 音乐之于灵魂，犹如食物之于身体。 |
| ……more…, less… 越……，越不…… | The more they focused on quality, the less they worried about competition. 他们越注重质量，越不担心竞争。 |
| by no means 并没有；当然不 | The results were by no means satisfactory. 结果一点都不令人满意。 |
| no longer/more 不再 | She is no longer interested in pursuing that career. 她不再有兴趣从事那份职业了。 |
| all the more 更加 | His speech made the situation all the more confusing. 他的讲话使情况更加混乱了。 |
| more than you can… 远超过你… | The complexity of the problem is more than you can imagine. 这个问题的复杂性远超你想象。 |
| A have much(nothing) to do with B A与B息息相关 | The outcome has much to do with the preparation. 结果与准备工作息息相关。 |
| A be closely related to B A与B密切相关 | Climate change is closely related to human activity. 气候变化与人类活动密切相关。 |
| A be directly bound up with B A与B密切相关 | Economic growth is directly bound up with technological advancement. 经济增长与技术进步直接相关。 |
| **a definite link between …and…**A与B密切相关 | There is a definite link between diet and health. 饮食与健康之间有明确的联系。 |
| more than…can 简直不, 无法… | The joy of winning was more than words can describe. 胜利的喜悦简直无法用语言形容。 |
| while ……with one hand, ……with the other. 虽然一方面……另一方面…… | While saving with one hand, they are spending with the other. 一方面在存钱，另一方面却在花钱。 |
| far from 远远不, 非但不 | Far from being a burden, the project is an exciting opportunity. 这个项目非但不是负担，反而是一个令人兴奋的机会。 |
| be bound to 必然 | Any significant changes are bound to spark debate. 任何重大变化必然会引发辩论。 |
| vice-versa 反之亦然 | You can visit us, or vice-versa, we can come to you. 你可以来看我们，反之亦然，我们也可以去看你。 |