第二天 GRE Issue Task 概览
第一打卡点：速记一组单词，大约 1-2 分钟完成
第二打卡点：阅读试卷概览+观看方法讲解视频，大约 15 分钟完成
Instruction 1 是否同意声明，并解释你的立场
一、写作讲解
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
中文翻译: 写一篇文章，在这篇文章中讨论你在多大程度上同意或者不同意题目中的陈述，解释你所采取的立场的理由。在发展和支持你的立场的过程中，你应该考虑这个陈述成立或者不成立的情况，并且解释这些情况如何影响你的立场。
指示解读: 任务通常要求你在多大程度上同意或不同意某个声明，并解释你所采取立场的理由。
- 明确表态：你要清楚表达你对该声明的立场，是否同意、不同意或有条件地同意。"Extent"（程度）表示你可以完全同意、部分同意或完全不同意。ETS对立场的选择并不特别看重，而是注重你如何合理展开论证。
- 同意（Agree）：你完全支持该声明的正确性，认为它是对的。
- 不同意（Disagree）：你完全反对该声明，认为它是错误的。
- 部分同意（Partially Agree）：你在某些情况下同意，但在其他情况下不同意。这里需要详细阐述条件和解释。
- 提供理由与例子：支持你的立场，提供具体的理由和相关的例子来证明你的观点。
- 考虑不同的情境：考虑声明可能成立或不成立的情境，并分析这些情境如何影响你的观点。例如，某个观点在某些情况下成立，而在其他情况下可能不成立，这种讨论能够展示你的批判性思维。
二、例题解析
As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
大纲框架：
第一段：引出话题并举例说明
开篇句：The statement linking ________(论点：技术与自由思考的关系) plays on ________(背景论述：人类近代的技术发展历程).
过渡句：A quick reflection reveals how ________(分论点1：技术对世界的改变).
举例句：
Most people ________(论据1：日常生活中的技术依赖实例)
During ________(论据2：工作场景中的技术应用实例)
Upon ________(论据3：通讯技术改变生活方式的实例)
收尾句：Each of these ________(现象总结) could have been ________(对比论证：与历史的差异).
第二段：阐述主要论点
主题句：The statement attempts to ________(主论点：技术与思维能力的关系).
论述句：The assumption is that ________(分论点2：技术对创造力的影响).
举例句：Looking back at ________(论据回顾), one could argue that ________(对比论证：无技术情况下的可能性).
第三段：提出转折论述
转折句：However, this reliance on ________(让步论点：技术依赖现象) does not necessarily ________(反驳论点：对创造力的影响).
论证句：
The prior examples reveal that ________(论据1：技术效益论述)
This efficiency does not preclude ________(论据2：效率与思维的关系)
For example, ________(论据3：能源问题案例)
补充论证：With increasing ________(论据4：全球性挑战案例)
第四段：进一步论证
对比句：In contrast to the statement, we can see how ________(分论点3：技术促进创新).
举例句：Consider how ________(论据1：数字革命影响).
论证例证：
WebMD ________(论据2：医疗信息获取案例)
Jeffrey Sachs ________(论据3：跨学科创新案例)
第五段：展望未来
展望句：This last example provides ________(分论点4：技术的未来价值).
论述句：By increasing ________(论据1：技术依赖的积极作用), impossible goals ________(论据2：突破性成就).
举例句：Consider how ________(论据3：历史成功案例)
结尾段：总结全文
总结句：Technology will always ________(总结论点：技术的永恒影响).
展望句：Given the history of ________(论据1：历史经验), there will be ________(推论：未来挑战).
建议句：There is no need to ________(建议1：对待技术的态度), but rather ________(建议2：积极应对策略).
三、范文
The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact with a computer that processes information on silicon bridges that are .09 microns wide. Upon leaving home, family members will be reached through wireless networks that utilize satellites orbiting the earth. Each of these common occurrences could have been inconceivable at the turn of the 19th century.
The statement attempts to bridge these dramatic changes to a reduction in the ability for humans to think for themselves. The assumption is that an increased reliance on technology negates the need for people to think creatively to solve previous quandaries. Looking back at the introduction, one could argue that without a car, computer, or mobile phone, the hypothetical worker would need to find alternate methods of transport, information processing and communication. Technology short circuits this thinking by making the problems obsolete.
However, this reliance on technology does not necessarily preclude the creativity that marks the human species. The prior examples reveal that technology allows for convenience. The car, computer and phone all release additional time for people to live more efficiently. This efficiency does not preclude the need for humans to think for themselves. In fact, technology frees humanity to not only tackle new problems, but may itself create new issues that did not exist without technology. For example, the proliferation of automobiles has introduced a need for fuel conservation on a global scale. With increasing energy demands from emerging markets, global warming becomes a concern inconceivable to the horse-and-buggy generation. Likewise dependence on oil has created nation-states that are not dependent on taxation, allowing ruling parties to oppress minority groups such as women. Solutions to these complex problems require the unfettered imaginations of maverick scientists and politicians.
In contrast to the statement, we can even see how technology frees the human imagination. Consider how the digital revolution and the advent of the internet has allowed for an unprecedented exchange of ideas. WebMD, a popular internet portal for medical information, permits patients to self research symptoms for a more informed doctor visit. This exercise opens pathways of thinking that were previously closed off to the medical layman. With increased interdisciplinary interactions, inspiration can arrive from the most surprising corners. Jeffrey Sachs, one of the architects of the UN Millenium Development Goals, based his ideas on emergency care triage techniques. The unlikely marriage of economics and medicine has healed tense, hyperinflation environments from South America to Eastern Europe.
This last example provides the most hope in how technology actually provides hope to the future of humanity. By increasing our reliance on technology, impossible goals can now be achieved. Consider how the late 20th century witnessed the complete elimination of 3 smallpox. This disease had ravaged the human race since prehistorical days, and yet with the technology of vaccines, free thinking humans dared to imagine a world free of smallpox. Using technology, battle plans were drawn out, and smallpox was systematically targeted and eradicated.
Technology will always mark the human experience, from the discovery of fire to the implementation of nanotechnology. Given the history of the human race, there will be no limit to the number of problems, both new and old, for us to tackle. There is no need to retreat to a Luddite attitude to new things, but rather embrace a hopeful posture to the possibilities that technology provides for new avenues of human imagination.